VAT Reverse Charge: 🇳🇱 Netherlands to 🇱🇺 Luxembourg

Yes. When a VAT-registered business in Netherlands supplies B2B services to a VAT-registered business in Luxembourg, the reverse charge mechanism applies under Article 196 of EU VAT Directive 2006/112/EC. The Netherlands supplier invoices at 0% VAT, and the Luxembourg customer self-accounts for VAT at their local rate of 17%.

If the customer is VAT-registered, put 0% VAT on the invoice. You must include the customer's Luxembourg VAT number and the note: "VAT reverse charge — Article 196, Directive 2006/112/EC". Do not charge Netherlands VAT (21%) on cross-border B2B service invoices.

The standard VAT rate in Luxembourg is 17%. When reverse charge applies, the Luxembourg customer declares 17% VAT in their local VAT return and simultaneously deducts it as input VAT — so the net cash effect is zero for a fully VAT-registered business.

Yes. You must report cross-border B2B services in your EC Sales List (ESL), also known as VIES or Recapitulative Statement. Report these as services (not goods) using the customer's Luxembourg VAT number. Filing frequency depends on Netherlands's local rules — typically monthly or quarterly.

If the customer in Luxembourg does not have a VAT number, reverse charge does not apply. For B2C supplies or non-registered businesses, different rules apply. For most services, you would charge Netherlands VAT (21%). For digital/electronically supplied services, Luxembourg VAT (17%) may apply via the EU One Stop Shop (OSS) scheme.

Verify the customer's VAT number using the EU VIES system at ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/vies before issuing a zero-rated invoice. Luxembourg VAT numbers start with the prefix "LU". Keep a record of the VIES confirmation for your audit trail.

Reverse charge under Article 196 applies to most B2B services where the place of supply is the customer's country. Some services have special rules — for example, services related to immovable property are taxed where the property is located, and short-term vehicle hire has specific rules. For standard professional, consulting, digital, and software services between Netherlands and Luxembourg, reverse charge applies.

Your invoice must include: (1) Your Netherlands VAT number, (2) The customer's Luxembourg VAT number, (3) 0% VAT / VAT amount: 0.00, and (4) The legal reference: "Reverse charge — Article 196, Council Directive 2006/112/EC". Some suppliers also add the Luxembourg equivalent note in French: "Autoliquidation de la TVA".